CENTRO DE LOS OBJETIVOS DE DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE PARA AMÉRICA LATINA (CODS). UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES (BOGOTÁ, COLOMBIA). THE URBAN TRANSPORT POLICY AS A TOOL TO REDUCE SOCIAL INEQUALITIES AND IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF URBAN LIFE IN LATIN AMERICA. Within the framework of the new sustainable development agendas, cities are recognized as potential drivers of economic and social development, in addition to being places of inclusion, resilience and sustainability. This recognition, in accordance with the objectives present in the global agenda and policy discourse, contrasts sharply with the traditional urban planning and transport schemes, which have as a priority the principles of efficiency and economic optimization, which often leave sideways to the social and distributive dimension of urban mobility. This event, structured in two presentations, approaches these contradictions and integrates them into a transport policy proposal with a social focus, which frames the role of urban mobility as an enabling agent for urban transformations in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for Latin America. The event explores the conceptual bases and central debates on accessibility, inclusion and social equity, associated with urban mobility, presenting a critical reflection on the biases and limitations of traditional approaches to transportation planning, and exposing the challenges and opportunities associated with understanding urban mobility as a redistributive instrument that can reduce inequalities. Likewise, a review of the existing literature on the region is made, from the perspective of social impacts of transport, recording a compendium of experiences and cases in Latin America that can serve as a benchmark of progressive urban transport concepts, methods and policies. By incorporating a multidisciplinary vision and providing empirical evidence around the challenges of using transportation as an instrument of social equity, we reflect on the role of urban mobility in development agendas such as the SDGs and in the practices and considerations that should be considered to use transport planning and policies as vehicles to build fairer, more sustainable and inclusive societies.
Luis A. Guzman is an Associated Professor at the School of Engineering at Universidad de los Andes (Bogotá, Colombia). He holds an M.Sc from the Universidad de los Andes, and a Ph.D. cum laude in Systems of Civil Engineering at the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. Currently he is the director of the Urban and Regional Sustainability Group (SUR) at the Universidad de los Andes. Dr. Guzman research interests include urban mobility, transport and land-use interaction and social, economic and spatial analysis of inequalities related to urban transport and policy evaluation in Latin America. Dr. Guzman is a committee member of the Social and Economic Factors of Transportation for The Transportation Research Board. He is currently a researcher of national studies including the development models and tools regarding land occupation and land-use changes and its implications on mobility, transport planning, social equity and urban sustainability. He is also consultant and adviser in different urban transport projects in Colombia. Consultant to the World Bank, adviser the Urban Development Institute of Bogotá on issues of value capture instruments for financing transport infrastructure. Adviser of the Bogotá Urban Planning Office in the reform of the Land-Use Planning Master Plan, in transport planning. Author of several articles published in international journals related to the evaluation of transport policies, poverty, equity and urban structure.
02/07/2020 14-16 horas
31/03/2020 Urban transformations, accessibility, transport and health: The case of Transmicable (cable car) in Bogotá Cable cars provide urban mobility benefits for vulnerable populations. However, no evaluation has assessed cable cars’ impact from a health perspective. TransMiCable in Bogotá, Colombia, provides a unique opportunity to (1) assess the effects of its implementation on the environmental and social determinants of health (microenvironment pollution, transport accessibility, physical environment, employment, social capital, and leisure time), physical activity, and health outcomes (health-related quality of life, respiratory diseases, and homicides); and (2) use citizen science methods to identify, prioritize, and communicate the most salient negative and positive features impacting health and quality of life in TransMiCable’s area, as well as facilitate a consensus and advocacy-building change process among community members, policymakers, and academic researchers. TrUST is innovative in its use of a mixed-methods, and interdisciplinary research approach, and in its systematic engagement of citizens and policymakers throughout the design and evaluation process. This event will help to understand better how to maximize health benefits and minimize unintended negative consequences of TransMiCable. 02/04/2020 A cellular automata-based land-use model as an integrated spatial decision support system for urban planning in developing cities: the case of the Bogotá region Bogotá and the 17 neighboring municipalities make up one of the biggest metropolitan areas in Latin America. However, despite strong functional interactions within the area, there is no official government body at this level in charge of coordinating authorities and providing solutions to the wide variety of issues arising in the regional urban land system. Aiming at providing an insight on future land-use developments linked to new transport infrastructures and at offering a tool to support territorial decision-making, this event presents a cellular automata-based (CA) model that allows testing different scenarios based on potential land-use policies, environmental suitability and transport alternatives. There has not been, so far, an urban planning tool that accounts for the complexities of this region. CA-based land-use simulations constitute a useful approach to understanding the impacts of urban planning policies and regulations. This tool can help to improve inter-territorial and inter-institutional coordination, which through planning and management policies seek a spatially integrated development, with a long-term perspective. The CA-based model proposed was calibrated to reproduce land-use changes between 2007 and 2016 using different methods and indicators. The model was used to simulate and analyze eight scenarios with different policy directions of transport infrastructure in the future of the region. The results of the simulations reflect the dynamics of territorial occupation. The calibration indices in the experiment indicate a high degree of suitability for the CA Bogotá model, proving its effectiveness and potential as a useful tool for decision-making.
Organizador: Prof. Dr. Pedro José Pérez Martínez Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo Departamento de Infraestrutura e Ambiente (InfrA) |